sort colors

          How can an array named "nums" containing objects labeled as
          "Crimson," "Ivory," or "Azure" or objects representing 
          colors ( 0, 1 , or 2), be sorted in-place, such that objects 
          of the same color or label are adjacent, and the colors or 
          labels appear in the specific order of crimson, ivory, and azure?
          For example, consider the input array [2, 0, 1] or  
          ['Azure', 'Crimson', 'Ivory']. The desired output would be 
          [0, 1, 2] or ['Crimson', 'Ivory', 'Azure'], objects are grouped 
          together, followed by all the Is or 'Ivory' objects, and finally, 
          all the 2s or respectively, where all the Os or 'Crimson'
          'Azure' objects.

          Exercise-1
          Input:
             12120120
          Output:
             00111222

        

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Java code :--

 
          

import java.util.Scanner; 
public class MINtech { 
 public static void sortColors(int[] nums) { 
     int left = 0; 
     int right = nums.length - 1; 
     int current = 0; 
 
     while (current <= right) { 
          if (nums[current] == 0) { 
              swap(nums, current, left); 
             left++; 
             current++; 
          } else if (nums[current] == 2) { 
             swap(nums, current, right); 
             right--; 
          } else { 
             current++; 
         } 
      } 
    } 
 
    private static void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) { 
        int temp = nums[i]; 
        nums[i] = nums[j]; 
        nums[j] = temp; 
    } 
 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); 
 
        System.out.println("Enter the length of the array:"); 
        int length = scanner.nextInt(); 
 
        int[] nums = new int[length]; 
 
        System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array (0, 1, or 2):"); 
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { 
            nums[i] = scanner.nextInt(); 
        } 
 
        sortColors(nums); 
 
        // Print the sorted array 
        System.out.println("Sorted Array:"); 
        for (int num : nums) { 
            System.out.print(num + " "); 
        } 
 
        scanner.close(); 
    } 
} 
 
          
 

Output

      Enter the length of the array:
      8
      Enter the elements of the array (0, 1, or 2):
      1
      2
      1
      2
      0
      1
      2
      0
      Sorted Array:
      0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 


      Enter the length of the array:
      9
      Enter the elements of the array (0, 1, or 2):
      1  
      2
      0   
      0
      2
      1
      0
      1
      0
      Sorted Array:
      0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 
  
        

Python code :---

  
       

    def MINtech_sort_colors(nums): 
    left, right, current = 0, len(nums) - 1, 0 
 
    while current <= right: 
        if nums[current] == 0: 
            nums[current], nums[left] = nums[left], nums[current] 
            left += 1 
            current += 1 
        elif nums[current] == 2: 
            nums[current], nums[right] = nums[right], nums[current] 
            right -= 1 
        else: 
            current += 1 
 
    if __name__ == "__main__": 
        length = int(input("Enter the length of the array: ")) 
        nums = [int(input(f"Enter element {i + 1} (0, 1, or 2): ")) for i in range(length)] 
 
        MINtech_sort_colors(nums) 
 
        # Print the sorted array 
        print("Sorted Array:", end=" ") 
        for num in nums: 
            print(num, end=" ") 

       
 

Output

      Enter the length of the array: 8
      Enter element 1 (0, 1, or 2): 1
      Enter element 2 (0, 1, or 2): 2
      Enter element 3 (0, 1, or 2): 1
      Enter element 4 (0, 1, or 2): 2
      Enter element 5 (0, 1, or 2): 0
      Enter element 6 (0, 1, or 2): 1
      Enter element 7 (0, 1, or 2): 2
      Enter element 8 (0, 1, or 2): 0
      Sorted Array: 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 

      Enter the length of the array: 9
      Enter element 1 (0, 1, or 2): 2
      Enter element 2 (0, 1, or 2): 2
      Enter element 3 (0, 1, or 2): 0
      Enter element 4 (0, 1, or 2): 0
      Enter element 5 (0, 1, or 2): 1
      Enter element 6 (0, 1, or 2): 1
      Enter element 7 (0, 1, or 2): 0
      Enter element 8 (0, 1, or 2): 2
      Enter element 9 (0, 1, or 2): 0
      Sorted Array: 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 2